NHC Home TeacherServe Divining America 19th Century Essay:

African American Christianity, Pt. II: From the Civil War to the Great Migration, 1865-1920
by Laurie Maffly-Kipp, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
©National Humanities Center


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Bethel A.M.E. [African Methodist Episcopal] Church, Baltimore, Maryland, interior, ca. 1845. Print (no date recorded on shelflist card). Title: "The Presentation of a Gold Snuff Box to the Rev. R.T. Brecken-ridge. In Bethel Church, by Rev. Darius Stokes in behalf of the colored people of Baltimore as a gift of gratitude. A.D. Decr 18th 1845." Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZ62-22957
Revival meeting, Virginia, 1885. Wood engraving by Carter N. Berkeley; in Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, 12 September 1885, p. 56. Original caption: "'Oh! Come down from heben, en ride round' in de hearts uv des sinners.' Virginia—Scene at a Colored Revival Meeting." Reproduced by permission of the New York Public Library, Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, Photographs and Prints Division, Image # 0091056p.jpg
A.M.E. mission church, Arkansas, late 1890s, in C. H. Phillips, The History of the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church in America: Comprising Its Organization, Subsequent Development and Present Status, Jackson Tennessee: Publishing House C. M. E. Church, 1925, captioned "Our Mission Church, Hot Springs, Ark." Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
A.M.E. Bishops, lithograph, Boston: J.H. Daniels, 1876. Repository note: "Portraits of Richard Allen and other African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) bishops, surrounded by scenes including Wilberforce University, Payne Institute, missionaries in Haiti, and the A.M.E. church book depository in Philadelphia." Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs Division, LC-USZC4-6170; original copyright by John H. W. Burley
African American colleges and universities in the southern U.S., founded by African American denominations
  • Turner College (A.M.E.), girls' building, Shelbyville, Tennessee, n.d., in Richard R. Wright, Centennial Encyclopedia of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Philadelphia: [Book Concern of the A.M.E. Church], 1916, p. 366
  • Payne University (A.M.E.), Selma, Alabama, n.d., in Sara J. Duncan, Progressive Missions in the South . . . , Atlanta, Ga.: The Franklin Printing and Publishing Company, 1906, p. 209
  • Livingston(e) College (A.M.E. Zion), bird's eye view of buildings and grounds, Salisbury, North Carolina, n.d., in James T. Haley, Afro-American Encyclopedia, Nashville, Tennessee.: Haley & Florida, 1895, p. 31
  • Texas College (C.M.E.), Tyler, Texas, girls' dormitory, n.d., in Monroe F. Jamison, Autobiography and Work of Bishop M. F. Jamison, D.D., Nashville, Tennessee: Published for the Author by the Publishing House of the M. E. Church, 1912, p. 183
  • Sabine Normal and Industrial Institute (Baptist), Converse, Louisiana, n.d., in William Hicks, History of Louisiana Negro Baptists from 1804 to 1914, Nashville, Tennessee: National Baptist Publishing Board, 1915, p. 118
Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
John Antrobus, A Plantation Burial, oil on canvas, 1860. Reproduced by permission of The Historic New Orleans Collection, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Digital image from the online collection The Atlantic Slave Trade and Slave Life in America: A Visual Record, a project of the Virginia Foundation for the Humanities and the Digital Media Lab at the University of Virginia Library.
Alfred Heber Hutty (1877-1954), Voodoo Ritual, watercolor, undated Reproduced by permission of the Morris Museum of Art, August, Georgia; Accession No. 1989.01.085
Baptism, region of Augusta, Georgia, ca. 1872-1898, photograph by the African American photographer Robert E. Williams, who operated a photography studio in Augusta from 1888 to ca. 1908 Reproduced by permission of the University of Georgia Libraries, Hargrett Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Robert E. Williams Photographic Collection, in online collection Digital Library of Georgia
Ring shout, St. Simon's Island, Georgia, ca. 1940; captioned "Margaret, on the left, demonstrates the correct position of arms and feet in shouting" In Lydia Parrish, Slave Songs of the Georgia Sea Islands, 1942, p. 144; reprint 1965 by Folklore Associates, Inc., Hatboro, PA. Photograph credited to Rutherford.
Live Coals of Fire, publication of the Fire-Baptized Holiness Association, 20 April 1900 Intl. Pentecostal Holiness Church, Research and Archives Center
The Apostolic Faith, first issue of the Azusa Street Mission newspaper, September 1906 Newspaper in the public domain; digital image courtesy of Azusa Street Like As of Fire, Rev. Curtis Bond, editor.
Steward A.M.E. Church, Macon, Georgia, late 1800s, in T. G. Stewart, Fifty Years in the Gospel Ministry from 1864 to 1914, Philadelphia: Printed by A.M.E. Book Concern, 1921?, p. 136 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
St. Paul A.M.E. Church, Tampa, Florida, 1915. From source: "A black and white photo of an article in the Tampa Daily Times on January 28, 1915 about the construction of the St. Paul A.M.E. (Institutional) Church building, headquarters of the Young People's Christian and Moral Societies, domestic science, Christian clubs and kindergarten for children." Courtesy of the Special Collections Department, University of South Florida. Digitization provided by the USF Libraries Digitization Center; image included in Exploring Florida: Social Studies Resources for Teachers and Students.
16th St. Baptist Church, Birmingham, Ala., ca. 1895, in C. O. Boothe, The Cyclopedia of the Colored Baptists of Alabama: Their Leaders and Their Work, Birmingham: Alabama Publishing Co., 1895, p. 121 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
A.M.E. Church Review, April 1909, cover Ohio Historical Center Archives, Ohio Historical Society, in online collection The African-American Experience in Ohio, 1850-1920, and in American Memory, Library of Congress. Permission pending.
A.M.E. Women's Parent Mite Missionary Society, Executive Committee, Detroit, Michigan, 1915, in Richard R. Wright, Centennial Encyclopedia of the African Methodist Episcopal Church, Philadelphia: [Book Concern of the A.M.E. Church], 1916, p. 326 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
Officers of A.M.E. women's missionary societies, mid 1910s [three images, each with three photographs], in Wright, Centennial Encyclopedia, 1916, pp. 321, 323, 325 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
St. Paul A.M.E. Church, Jacksonville, Florida, 1889 Reproduced with permission of the Florida State Archives, Photograph Collection # PR00827
A.M.E. Metropolitan Church, Washington, D.C., ca. 1900 Library of Congress
St. Louis Street Baptist Church, Mobile, Alabama, ca. 1895, in C. O. Boothe, The Cyclopedia of the Colored Baptists of Alabama: Their Leaders and Their Work, Birmingham: Alabama Publishing Co., 1895, p. 221 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
Bishop Daniel Alexander Payne, photograph, n.d. Isaac and Lenora Lane Collection, Ohio Historical Center Archives, Ohio Historical Society, # 88-3; in online collection The African-American Experience in Ohio, 1850-1920, and in American Memory, Library of Congress. Permission pending.
Open air meeting of the Apostolic Faith Church, Portland, Oregon, 1907 Reproduced by permission of Apostolic Faith Church International Headquarters, Portland, Oregon
Ida B. Wells-Barnett, photograph, ca. 1890s University of Chicago Library. Permission pending. Digital image from The Voice News, Winsted, Connecticut, 12 April 2002, at www.thevoicenews.com/News/2002/0412/
Arts_And_Amusements/001.html
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Sixth Mt. Zion Church, Richmond, Virginia, chart of history with photographs, date Reproduced by permission of Virginia Commonwealth University, James Branch Cabell Library, Special Collections and Archives
Baptist women leaders noted and pictured in C. O. Booth, The Cyclopedia of the Colored Baptists of Alabama: Their Leaders and Their Work, pp. 26, 36, 82, 179 Reproduced by permission of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Libraries, in online collection Documenting the American South: The Church in the Southern Black Community
Lynching of Scott Burton, Springfield, Illinois, 1908 Illinois State Historical Library may be the copyright holder. Permission pending.

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